/*
 * JDrupes Builder
 * Copyright (C) 2025 Michael N. Lipp
 * 
 * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as
 * published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the
 * License, or (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
 * GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
 * along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */

package org.jdrupes.builder.api;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.util.EnumSet;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.function.Function;
import java.util.stream.Stream;
import static org.jdrupes.builder.api.Intend.*;

/// [Project]s are used to structure the build configuration. Every
/// build configuration has a single root project and can have
/// sub-projects. The root project is the entry point for the build.
/// The resources provided by the builder are usually provided by the
/// root project that serves as n entry point to the build configuration.
///
/// Projects are [ResourceProvider]s that obtain resources from related
/// [ResourceProvider]s. Projects can be thought of as routers for
/// resources with their behavior depending on the intended usage of the
/// resources from the related providers. The intended usage is specified
/// by the [Intend] that attributes the relationship between a project
/// and its related resource providers.
///
/// ## Attributing relationships to providers
///
/// ### Intend Supply
///
/// ![Intend Supply](supply-demo.svg)
///
/// Resources from a provider added with [Intend#Supply] are provided
/// by the project to entities that depend on the project. [Intend#Supply]
/// implies that the resources are genuinely generated for the project
/// (typically by a [Generator] that belongs to the project).
///
/// ### Intend Consume
///
/// ![Intend Consume](consume-demo.svg)
///
/// Resources from a provider added with [Intend#Consume] (typically
/// another project) are only available to a project's generators
/// through [Project#provided].   
///
/// ### Intend Expose
///
/// ![Intend Expose](expose-demo.svg)
///
/// Resources from a provider added with [Intend#Expose] (typically
/// another project) are provided by the project to entities that
/// depend on the project. They are also available to a project's
/// generators through [Project#provided].
///
/// ### Intend Forward
///
/// ![Intend Forward](forward-demo.svg)
///
/// Resources from a provider added with [Intend#Forward] (typically
/// another project) are provided by the project to entities that
/// depend on the project. They are not intended to be used by a
/// project's generators, although these cannot be prevented from
/// accessing them through [Project#provide].
///
/// ## Factory methods
///
/// As a convenience, the interface also defines factory methods
/// for objects used for defining the project.
///
/// @startuml supply-demo.svg
/// object "project: Project" as project
/// object "dependant" as dependant
/// dependant -right-> project
/// object "generator: Generator" as generator
/// project *-down-> generator: "<<Supply>>"
/// @enduml
///
/// @startuml expose-demo.svg
/// object "project: Project" as project
/// object "dependant" as dependant
/// dependant -right-> project
/// object "providing: Project" as providing
/// project *-right-> providing: "<<Expose>>"
/// object "generator: Generator" as generator
/// project *-down-> generator: "   "
/// generator .up.> project: "provided"
/// @enduml
///
/// @startuml consume-demo.svg
/// object "project: Project" as project
/// object "dependant" as dependant
/// dependant -right-> project
/// object "providing: Project" as providing
/// project *-right-> providing: "<<Consume>>"
/// object "generator: Generator" as generator
/// project *-down-> generator: "   "
/// generator .up.> project: "provided"
/// @enduml
///
/// @startuml forward-demo.svg
/// object "project: Project" as project
/// object "dependant" as dependant
/// dependant -right-> project
/// object "providing: Project" as providing
/// project *-right-> providing: "<<Forward>>"
/// object "generator: Generator" as generator
/// project *-down-> generator
/// @enduml
///
public interface Project extends ResourceProvider {

    /// The common project properties.
    ///
    @SuppressWarnings("PMD.FieldNamingConventions")
    enum Properties implements PropertyKey {

        /// The Build directory. Created artifacts should be put there.
        /// Defaults to [Path] "build".
        BuildDirectory(Path.of("build")),
        
        /// The Encoding of files in the project.
        Encoding("UTF-8"),
        
        /// The version of the project. Surprisingly, there is no
        /// agreed upon version type for Java (see e.g. 
        /// ["Version Comparison in Java"](https://www.baeldung.com/java-comparing-versions)).
        /// Therefore the version is represented as a string with "0.0.0"
        /// as default.
        Version("0.0.0");

        private final Object defaultValue;

        <T> Properties(T defaultValue) {
            this.defaultValue = defaultValue;
        }

        @Override
        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
        public <T> T defaultValue() {
            return (T)defaultValue;
        }
    }

    /// Returns the root project.
    ///
    /// @return the project
    ///
    RootProject rootProject();

    /// Returns the instance of the given project class. Projects
    /// are created lazily by the builder and must be accessed
    /// via this method.
    ///
    /// @param project the requested project's type
    /// @return the project
    ///
    Project project(Class<? extends Project> project);

    /// Returns the project's name. 
    ///
    /// @return the string
    ///
    String name();

    /// Returns the project's directory.
    ///
    /// @return the path
    ///
    Path directory();

    /// Returns the build context.
    ///
    /// @return the builder configuration
    ///
    BuildContext context();

    /// Returns the directory where the project's [Generator]s should
    /// create the artifacts. This is short for 
    /// `directory().resolve((Path) get(Properties.BuildDirectory))`.
    ///
    /// @return the path
    ///
    default Path buildDirectory() {
        return directory().resolve((Path) get(Properties.BuildDirectory));
    }

    /// Adds a provider to the project that generates resources which
    /// are then provided by the project. This is short for
    /// `dependency(provider, Intend.Provide)`. 
    ///
    /// @param generator the provider
    /// @return the project
    ///
    Project generator(Generator generator);

    /// Uses the supplier to create a provider, passing this project as 
    /// argument and adds the result as a generator to this project. This
    /// is a convenience method to add a provider to the project by writing
    /// (in a project's constructor):
    /// 
    /// ```java
    /// generator(Provider::new);
    /// ```
    /// instead of:
    /// 
    /// ```java
    /// generator(new Provider(this));
    /// ```
    ///
    /// @param <T> the generic type
    /// @param supplier the supplier
    /// @return the project for method chaining
    ///
    default <T extends Generator> T generator(Function<Project, T> supplier) {
        var provider = supplier.apply(this);
        generator(provider);
        return provider;
    }

    /// Adds a provider that contributes resources to the project with
    /// the given intended usage.
    ///
    /// While this could be used to add a [Generator] to the project
    /// as a provider with [Intend#Supply], it is recommended to use
    /// one of the "generator" methods for better readability.
    ///
    /// @param intend the dependency type
    /// @param provider the provider
    /// @return the project for method chaining
    /// @see generator(Generator)
    /// @see generator(Function)
    ///
    Project dependency(Intend intend, ResourceProvider provider);

    /// Uses the supplier to create a provider, passing this project as 
    /// argument and adds the result as a dependency to this project. This
    /// is a convenience method to add a provider to the project by writing
    /// (in a project's constructor):
    /// 
    /// ```java
    /// dependency(intend, Provider::new);
    /// ```
    /// instead of:
    /// 
    /// ```java
    /// dependency(intend, new Provider(this));
    /// ```
    ///
    /// @param <T> the generic type
    /// @param intend the intend
    /// @param supplier the supplier
    /// @return the project for method chaining
    ///
    default <T extends ResourceProvider> T dependency(Intend intend,
            Function<Project, T> supplier) {
        var provider = supplier.apply(this);
        dependency(intend, provider);
        return provider;
    }
    
    /// Returns the providers that have been added with one of the given 
    /// intended usages as [Stream]. The stream may only be terminated
    /// after all projects have been created.
    ///
    /// @param intends the intends
    /// @return the stream
    ///
    Stream<ResourceProvider> providers(Set<Intend> intends);

    /// Returns the providers that have been added with the given 
    /// intended usage as [Stream]. This is short for
    /// `providers(Set.of(intend))`.
    ///
    /// @param intend the intend
    /// @param intends more intends
    /// @return the stream
    ///
    default Stream<ResourceProvider> providers(
            Intend intend, Intend... intends) {
        return providers(EnumSet.of(intend, intends));
    }

    /// Returns all resources that are provided for the given request
    /// by providers associated with [Intend#Consume] or [Intend#Expose].
    ///
    /// @param <T> the requested type
    /// @param requested the requested
    /// @return the provided resources
    ///
    default <T extends Resource> Stream<T>
            provided(ResourceRequest<T> requested) {
        return from(Consume, Expose).get(requested);
    }

    /// Short for `directory().relativize(other)`.
    ///
    /// @param other the other path
    /// @return the relativized path
    ///
    default Path relativize(Path other) {
        return directory().relativize(other);
    }

    /// Sets the given property to the given value.
    /// 
    /// Regrettably, there is no way to enforce at compile time that the
    /// type of the value passed to `set` matches the type of the property.
    /// An implementation must check this at runtime by verifying that the
    /// given value is assignable to the default value. 
    ///
    /// @param property the property
    /// @param value the value
    /// @return the project
    ///
    Project set(PropertyKey property, Object value);
    
    /// Returns value of the given property of the project. If the
    /// property is not set, the parent project's value is returned.
    /// If neither is set, the property's default value is returned.
    ///
    /// @param <T> the generic type
    /// @param property the property
    /// @return the t
    ///
    <T> T get(PropertyKey property);

    /// Returns resources provided by the project. Short for
    /// `context().get(this, request)`.
    ///
    /// @param <T> the generic type
    /// @param request the request
    /// @return the stream
    ///
    default <T extends Resource> Stream<T> get(ResourceRequest<T> request) {
        return context().get(this, request);
    }
    
    /// "Syntactic sugar" that allows to obtain resources from a provider
    /// with `from(provider).get(resourceRequest)` instead of
    /// `context().get(provider, resourceRequest)`.
    ///
    /// @param provider the provider
    /// @return the stream of resources
    ///
    default FromHelper from(ResourceProvider provider) {
        return new FromHelper(context(), Stream.of(provider));
    }

    /// Returns a new [FromHelper] instance for a subsequent call to
    /// [FromHelper#get].
    ///
    /// @param providers the providers
    /// @return the stream of resources
    ///
    default FromHelper from(Stream<ResourceProvider> providers) {
        return new FromHelper(context(), providers);
    }

    /// Retrieves the providers with the specified intend(s)
    /// (see [#providers]) and returns a new [FromHelper] instance
    /// for a subsequent call to [FromHelper#get].
    ///
    /// @param intend the intend
    /// @param intends the intends
    /// @return the from helper
    ///
    default FromHelper from(Intend intend, Intend... intends) {
        return new FromHelper(context(), providers(intend, intends));
    }
    
    /// Returns a new resource with the given type. Short for invoking
    /// [ResourceFactory#create] with the current project as first argument
    /// and the given arguments appended.
    ///
    /// @param <T> the generic type
    /// @param type the type
    /// @param args the args
    /// @return the t
    ///
    default <T extends Resource> T newResource(ResourceType<T> type,
            Object... args) {
        return ResourceFactory.create(type, this, args);
    }

    /// Convenience method for reading the content of a file into a
    /// String. The path is resolved against the project's directory.
    ///
    /// @param path the path
    /// @return the string
    ///
    @SuppressWarnings("PMD.PreserveStackTrace")
    default String readString(Path path) {
        try {
            return Files.readString(directory().resolve(path));
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new BuildException("Cannot read file: " + e.getMessage());
        }
    }

    
}